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Convoy OB 318
OB 318 was a North Atlantic convoy which ran during the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II. During Operation Primrose Royal Navy convoy escorts , ''Broadway'' and ''Aubretia'' captured ''U-110'' with an intact Enigma machine and a wealth of signals intelligence, which led to the Allied breakthrough into cracking the German naval Enigma code.〔Blair pp.278-285〕
==Prelude==
By the Spring of 1941 the battle of the Atlantic was starting to have an increase in German U-boat losses. This forced Vizeadmiral Karl Dönitz to change his strategy and he now moved his wolf packs further west, in order to catch the convoys without their anti-submarine escort. OB 318 was a west-bound convoy of 38 ships, either in ballast or carrying trade goods, and sailed from Liverpool on 2 May 1941 bound for ports in North America. The convoy commodore was R.Adm. WB MacKenzie in SS ''Colonial''.〔Hague〕 It was escorted by 7 EG, an escort group led by HMS ''Westcott'' (Cdr. Bockett-Pugh) and comprising ten warships; these were joined in md-ocean by 3 EG, a force of eight warships led by HMS ''Bulldog'' (Cdr J Baker-Cresswell). Opposing them was a force of nineteen U-boats, though in the event only six were in a position to pose a threat.〔Blair p278〕 One of those was ''U-110'' under the command of Kapitänleutnant Fritz-Julius Lemp. Lemp notoriously had been in command of ''U-30'' in 1939 which had controversially sunk the 13,581 ton passenger ship ''Athenia''.〔Blair pp.66-69&248-260〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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